Flexor tendon injuries occur when the tendons that bend (flex) the fingers are damaged, leading to difficulty or inability to bend the fingers or thumb. These injuries often result from cuts, lacerations, or trauma to the hand or fingers. In this guide, we will discuss the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for flexor tendon injuries, with a focus on how physical therapy can help you recover and regain function in your hand and fingers.
Understanding Flexor Tendon Injuries
Flexor tendon injuries can be caused by:
- Sharp cuts or lacerations to the palm or fingers
- Crushing injuries or trauma to the hand
- Sports injuries or accidents
- Rheumatoid arthritis or other conditions that weaken the tendons
Symptoms to Watch Out For
Common symptoms of flexor tendon injuries include:
- Inability to bend one or more joints of the finger
- Pain when bending the finger or applying pressure to the palm
- Swelling or tenderness along the finger or palm
- A noticeable gap or depression in the palm where the tendon has retracted
How are Flexor Tendon Injuries Diagnosed?
Flexor tendon injuries are typically diagnosed based on:
- A physical examination to assess finger movement and tendon function
- The patient's history of hand injury or trauma
- Imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI to visualize the damaged tendons
The Treatment for Flexor Tendon Injuries
Treatment for flexor tendon injuries may include:
- Surgery to repair the torn tendon
- Splinting or casting to immobilize the hand and allow healing
- Anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and swelling
Physical Therapy for Flexor Tendon Injuries
A physical therapist may employ the following during a session:
- Exercises: Gentle range-of-motion exercises and progressive strengthening exercises to improve flexibility and strength in the fingers. Examples include finger bends, thumb flexion exercises, and grip strengthening exercises.
- Modalities: Techniques such as heat, cold, or ultrasound to reduce pain and inflammation.
- Manual Techniques: Hands-on techniques such as soft tissue massage, scar tissue management, and joint mobilizations to improve mobility and reduce stiffness.
- Splinting: Fabrication or adjustment of custom splints to protect the repaired tendon and facilitate healing.
Prevention of Flexor Tendon Injuries
To prevent flexor tendon injuries:
- Use protective gloves or equipment when handling sharp objects or engaging in activities that pose a risk of hand injury
- Follow safety guidelines and use proper techniques when participating in sports or manual activities
- Seek prompt treatment for hand injuries or conditions that may weaken the tendons
Conclusion
Flexor tendon injuries can significantly impact hand function and daily activities, but with the right treatment, including surgery and physical therapy, you can recover and regain function in your hand and fingers. By working closely with a physical therapist and following a personalized rehabilitation plan, you can achieve better outcomes and restore the mobility and strength of your fingers.
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